A. What
do we ___________ our decisions on?
1. Systems of ______________ & ______________?
2. Systems of ________________ (_______)?
3. ______________ arise when standards of conduct _______________.
B. Morality
vs. Ethics
1. ______________ - The
__________ that govern a society's _______________ toward right and wrong.
a. a _________ person - A person who lives by certain social
values.
b. an _________ person - A person who does
not live by certain social values.
c. an _______ person - A person who doesn't
care!
2. ___________ - Attempts to ____________ the means for
determining __________ those values should be.
a. Ethics tries to create _________ keeping with those
__________.
b. Ethics & morality are used interchangeably.
C. 3
Ways of Making Decisions
1. _________________ & _________________
a. May ___________ from person to person
& situation to situation.
b. Many people believe that _________ are based on changing
feelings and opinions.
c. The
d. The
e. Example 1, pg. 7
f. Some people have a ____________ basing ethical
decisions on feelings and opinions.
1) They argue that if ethics are just a matter of opinion or
feelings, then no one can _________ do _______________ wrong.
g. Example 2, pg. 7
h. How can people figure out that theft is
________ even without a ______ telling them it is wrong?
1) Look at how an action ________ or _________ the people affected
by it.
2) It can also set a ________ example for others to follow.
2. The _____________ ______________
a. People live and work in ______________
and their actions ____________ others.
b. If someone does something that hurts a
lot of ________________ people,
many others would
feel that action is _______________.
1) These people would say that they make their ethical decisions
based on the __________
good for the greatest
______________ of people affected by the _____________.
2) The more ___________ that results, the more
___________ the action.
3) The more __________ that results, the less
____________ the action.
c. Greatest Good principle is often used
because they see it as a _____________ way to make
ethical ______________.
d. Many ______________ this principle
because it often results in decisions that seem __________
and because it can often be ________________.
e. Example 3, pgs. 7 - 8
1) Greatest good Principle is _____________.
2) ____________ to _______________ the 10 guilty
doesn't help the _____________
number of students.
3) Keeping quiet is not ___________ to the innocent
student taking the _____________.
3. The ___________ ____________
a. "Do __________ ____________ as you
would have them do ___________ __________."
b. ____________ of the 3 Ways - Very
Consistent
c. Identified with ____________ & other
religions.
d. ________________
1) Putting yourself in the ___________ person's
________________.
2) The "___________" of the Golden
Rule.
3) "Would I want to be __________ this
way?"
e. Good __________________
f. Example 4, pg. 8 - Often __________ by individuals
placing their own ____-interest first.
g. Example 5, pg. 9 - You must
___________ the dignity and worth of _________________.
h. Example 6, pg. 9 - People
_________ to be treated with ________________.
i. Example 7, pg. 9
1) What does a _____________ mean to you?
2) ______________ are "very important."
3) A world without _______________ would be a world without
______________ , __________ , or ________ engagements.
j. Example 8, pg. 9 - Once you have
made a promise, _____________ ______.
A.
3 _________ to Make Ethical Decisions
1.
Rely on ______________ ____ _____________.
2.
Gauging the _____________ __________ for the ____________ _______________ of People.
3.
Following the _____________ _____________.
4.
1.
If people always acted on those results there would be ___
__________for Law.
2.
However, even when everyone ___________ that a certain type of conduct
is ____________, that doesnt ________ people from ____________in that conduct. (Examples:
___________, _________ ______)
C.
Why ____________ Is Necessary
1.
___________ tells us what we __________ to do.
2.
____________
a.
Consists of ___________ ___ _________ established by the
_____________ of a society to _____________ stability and justice in that
society.
b.
Law is ________________ because people dont always do what they
____________ to do.
D.
How Law ______________
1.
It _______________ the legal __________ and _____________ of the
people.
2.
It also provides a ___________ of ______________ these rights and
duties through _______ enforcement agencies, courts, legislatures and
regulatory agencies.
3.
Law __________ always make people do what is right but it does have
The ________ to _________ for _____________ acts.
4.
The ____ must draw the line between ____________ and ________________
conduct so that people dont ___________ themselves and one another.
5. Example 9, pg. 11 The law cannot __________ the situation
Amalfi, but it will ______________ Jake.
E. Ethical & Legal Conflicts
1.
Law is ___________ because it is made by _______.
2.
Legislators & Judges bring their own personal _______________ and
__________ on ethics and morality to the law making _______________ (therefore
law will always be in _____________).
3. Example 10, pg 11 _____________ between ___________ of
journalism and _________ order of
a judge.
III.
Laws Come from ___ ________Sources
A. ____________
and ______________ Constitutions
B. English
______________ Law
C. _________________
D. _____________
Decisions
E. _________________
Law
IV.
_____________ and _____________ Constitutions
V.
A.
______________
1.
Def.
- ____________ of ____________ established by the ______________.
2.
Laws come from the ____________________.
3.
A Countrys ________________ spells out the __________________ by which
that countries government _________________.
4.
The ______ _______________ is our most ___________________ form of law.
B.
The ______ Constitution
1.
The _________, ________ foundation for the laws of the ______________.
2.
It sets the ________________ rights of citizens.
3.
It defines the ____________ within which the federal and state
governments may ________ ________.
4.
It describes the functions of the _________ branches and ____________
of our national government.
5.
See pg. 13 Figure 1-2
C. _______________of
the U.S. Constitution
1. Articles
___, ____, _____ Set forth the ______________ and ____________ of the
three
______________ of the
federal gov't.
2. Article
____ Requires _______ ________ to accept the laws of ______________state.
3. Article___
Tells how the Constitution may be _____________ or ________________.
4. Article
____ Contains the ____________ Clause.
It states that the ______ Constitution and the _____ of
the
5.
Article _______ ______Article provided for __________________ of the
Constitution (took place in 1787).
1.
__________ of _________________
a. __________ 10 Amendments to the Constitution.
b. ____________ the ________ of the government.
c. The Basic ___________ is to protect 2 kinds of rights:
1)
Right of _________________
2)
Right of Persons __________ of Crimes
E. There
have been ___ Amendments (we focus on __).
1.
______ Amendment (The ______ Protection
Clause)
a.
No State shall ____________ any person of life, liberty or property
____________ Due Process of law; nor __________ to any person within its
jurisdiction the __________ protection laws.
b.
Requires __________ governments to give to their citizens the
__________ rights that the ___________ government must give to US citizens
under the _______ Amendment.
c.
Example 11, pg. 12
2.
______ Amendment
a.
Most __________, enacted in 1971.
b.
Gives 18 year olds the Right to ________.
c.
It does not ___________ any state from allowing citizens less than 18
to vote if it so chooses.
F. The
____________ Constitution
1.
Each State has its _____ Constitution.
2.
Similar but ____ identical to the Federal Constitution.
3.
Sometimes they are more ___________________.
4. Example
12, pg. 14
VI.
English ______________ Law
A.
___________ System in the
1.
It came with the early ___________ from
a.
A ___________ system is used.
b.
In ________ times there was no written law, decisions were __________
on the customs and __________ of the people.
c.
Judges __________ their _____________ with other Judges.
d.
All efforts were made to _________ the same law in _________ with
everyone else.
2.
Eventually court decisions were _________ down.
a.
This led to the Doctrine of ___________.
b.
___________ of Precedent: A
Judge is ___________ to follow an earlier court decision when deciding a case
with ______________ circumstances.
c.
Also called: Doctrine of
_________ __________ = Let the decision _________.
3.
English Common Law has been ___________ by passing state _________ and
court ___________; however, some parts are still the ___________.
VII.
______________ Law
A.
______________ Laws specifically ___________ by a governing body
____________ for that purpose.
1. Consists of laws ____________ by:
a.
b. ___________
Legislatures
c. ____________
City Councils
d. ___________
Meetings
2. Also found in:
a. State
and Federal ____________
b. City
______________
c. Town
_______________
3.
The differences in terms tell us at which _________ of government a law
was passed.
1.
Each state has its own __________ of lawmakers (__________________)
with the job of creating or passing _______________ Law.
2.
Most State _______________ are set-up like _____________ (different
parts __ different things).
3.
What they do:
a.
A statute may _________ you to
do something (Example: Pay taxes or
wear seat belts).
b.
A statute may _________ an act
(Example: Prohibit purchasing or
consuming ________ until you are 21).
4.
The US Constitution (___________) is the _____________ Law of the
land.
a. __________ Legislature must not __________ with the
_______Constitution.
b. If it does it will be declared ________________.
C.
______________ Statutes
1.
____________ by the
2.
Based on _____________ given to the Federal Government by Article ___
of the US Constitution.
3.
Included:
a.
Power to _________ b. Power to _____
c. _______Commerce d. Declare
_______
e. __________
Money f. ___-up Federal Courts
4.
Statutes passed by Congress generally
___________ matters that concern the ___________ as a whole.
A.
___________-Made Law
1.
___________ Law
2.
Court _______________
3.
_____________-Made Law
B.
Laws made by Common Law _______________ by interpreting statutes by
_____________ review.
C.
The _______________ court of the state may _________ the line of
_______________.
D.
When a statute is ______________, incomplete or unclear, judges
_______________ interpret a statute ___________ it is involved in a dispute
between two parties in a lawsuit before the judge.
E.
Courts can declare a _________ or __________ unconstitutional (make it
no-longer__________).
F.
_____________ ________ Final authority regarding the constitutionality
of all _________ & governmental action.
IX.
_________________ Regulations
A.
Federal, State & Local _______________ may need to ____________
some activities in public interest.
B.
Legislators may not have the _________ _____________ of a field or the
__________ to give their complete attention therefore Legislators often give _____ ___________ ____
_____________ an activity to an _______________ agency.
1.
Administrative______________ Regulatory Agency, a department of government formed
to _______________ particular legislation.
a.
They must have an unusually __________ range of powers.
b.
They can:
1)
Make their own _______________.
2)
_____________ their rules.
3)
_______________ violations of their rules.
4)
Decide the _________ or ______________ of those who _____________ their
rules.
c.
______________________ Law consists of those rules and procedures
_____________ by ____________ agencies.
d.
Courts have ruled such ______________ to be ______________________.
e.
The ___________________ that created an agency always has the
______________ to ____ that Agencies existence or to change its power.
f.
Any ___________ decision by an ___________ can always be
_______________ by a court.