BA/BCA                                               Name ________________

Ch. 7 Computer Hardware                 Date _________________

 

I.     Main Components of a Computer System

       A.   A Computer System is closely based on the Basic Systems Model with __________ from the Information Processing Cycle.

              1.    _________- Enter data instructions and/or software.

              2.    ________________Memory - Computer must have memory to process information.

              3.    ___________- You need a way to output processed information in a form that is ____________ and meaningful.

              4.    ________________Storage - You need a place to ________ information so you can retrieve it later.

 

       B.   Hardware, _____________ & the Computer System

              1.    _____________- All electronic and mechanical devices that are _____________ part of the computer system.

                     a.    ___________ hardware

                     b.    _____________ hardware

                     c.    designed to __________ a specific need

              2.    _______- Central Processing Unit - most important piece of hardware.

              3.    Peripherals - all ________ hardware devices.

              4.    4 Main _______________of a Computer System

                     a.    _________

                     b.    __________

                     c.    ___________-

                     d.    ___________ ______________

 

II.    Input & Input Devices

 

       A.   __________ ___________

              1.    Used to ________ data, ___________ or programs into a computer.

              2.    ______________ information into a form that can be read and interpreted by the computer.

              3.    Allows you to "________" with the computer.

 

       B.   Types of Input Devices

              1.    _______________

                     a.    Most _____________ used input device.

                     b.    Closely resembles a typewriter - ___________.

                     c.    Special Keys

                           1)    Function Keys

                                  a)    Causes computer to do something ___________than key-enter a letter, #

or symbol.

                                  b)    It may _________ a command but depends on your software.

                                  c)    ______, _______, ________

                           2)    Cursor ___________Keys

                                  a)    Keys with arrows that indicate the _____________ your ________ moves

around the screen.

                                  b)    pg up, pg down, _________, _______

                           3)    Enhanced Keyboard - includes a numeric keypad.

              2.    _________________

                     a.    Named after a little gray _____________.

                     b.    Traditionally has a ______ and a ________.

                     c.    _____ mice can be cordless and ball-less (laser).

                     d.    Commonly used to ______________ the keyboard.

              3.    __________________

                     a.    Especially designed to be used with computer _____________.

                     b.    ____________the cursor around the screen.

              4.    ________________

                     a.    Used to input information and _________ into the computer.

                     b.    Many Styles:

                           1)    ___________-Held

                                  a)    ____________ (pen)

                                  b)    ____________

                           2)    ___________/Countertop

              5.    _________ ___________

                     a.    Special pen used to input data.

                     b.    ______________to light on the computer screen.

                     c.    Also allows you to ____________ complex images and designs on the computer screen.

              6.    ____________Tablet

                     a.    Flat _____________ surface connected to the computer.

b.    Used for ____________pictures.

c.    Often used by artists, designers and _______________.

d.    Used in _______days to draw cartoon characters.

              7.    ______________

                     a.    _____________ shapes into signals that can be read by a computer to ____________ an image.

                     b.    Often used by real estate companies to scan pictures.

              8.    ________ _______________

                     a.    Vast improvements are being made.

                     b.    Problems with ____________ and pronunciation differences.

              9.    Touch ______________Screen

                     a.    _____________ input device to use.

                     b.    Screen is sensitive to touch.

                     c.    Found in supermarkets, hotel lobbies, etc.

              10.  ______________

                     a.    Makes it possible for one computer to ______________ with another.

                     b.    ______________ ____ ______________

                           1)    Converts signals from _____________ to ______________ signals and then back again.

                           2)    Used for the sending and receiving of information.

              11.  ______________Cameras

                     a.    Used to take photographs of images in the ______________form.

                     b.    Come in many styles.

                           1)    save on disk

                           2)    save on a memory card

 

III.  The Central Processing Unit (________)

 

       A.   CPU

              1.    Considered the "_________" of the computer.

              2.    Faster, more __________ and more ___________ than the human brain but ____________ creativity.

              3.    It can only do what a human being has programmed or ______________ it to do.

              4.    It receives data, instructions and programs from any input device and ___________ them in memory temporarily.

              5.    2 Main Components

                     a.    _______________

                     b.    ___________ ______________

 

       B.   Processor

              1.    _____________ the input or instructions and then ________________them into usable results for the computer operator.

              2.    Performs all __________________ calculations.

              3.    Performs many ___________ tasks at incredibly ___________ speeds.

              4.    A processor is very ___________.

              5.    Something to Think About pg. 152

 

       C.   _____________ Memory

              1.    A computer needs a _________ ___________of memory to handle any __________ of information.

              2.    Main memory _____________ your computer to ____________ all the various types of information users may enter for a particular project.

              3.    2 Types of Memory

                     a.    ____________ _____________ Memory (ROM)

                           1)    _______________ Memory

                            2)    Your computer can _________ instructions from it but it _________ write data or instructions on top of the ROM or _____________ it in any way.

                           3)    It must be built _________ the computer to be able to __________ your machine.

                           4)    It is ______ ________ when the computer is turned off.

                           5)    It does _______ ________ information.

                           6)    ROM allows a special type of computer to control a traffic light or play a arcade game.

                     b.    ______________ ___________Memory (RAM)

                           1)    Short-term or _____________ memory that remains in use as long as your computer is turned_____.

                           2)    ________ of the ___________you do on your computer will be operated in the RAM area of the computer.

                           3)    All software _____________ and information typed _________ in RAM until

the power is turned off.

4)    RAM can be purchased and __________

                           5)    _____________- ___ - Memory a computer takes to hold approximately ________ letters, spaces or characters.

                           6)    ______________- ___ - Memory a computer takes to hold approximately___________ letters, spaces or characters.

                           7)    ______________- ___ - Memory a computer takes to hold approximately __________________ letters spaces or characters.

3.    Something to Think About pg. 154

 

IV.  Output and Output Devices - Takes information and makes it _______________ and _________________.

 

       A.   ________________

              1.    The screen that ____________ the information received or input into the computer.     

                     a.    Produces a ___________ copy of information.

                     b.    Most ___________ input device.

                     c.    Changes you make are ____________ reflected.

                     d.    It doesn't ___________ information but it does reflect or repeat it.

                     e.    Often called:

                           1)    ___________ __________ screen (VDS)

                           2)    ___________ ___________ __________

                     f.     A ___________ screen can be used in place of it.

              2.    2 Types of Monitors

                     a.    _______________

                           1)    ________ color

                           2)    usually white, amber or green

                           3)    Said to be the least tiring on your eyes.

                     b.    _______________ Monitor

                           1)    Several types and sizes.

                           2)    _____________- Quality and clarity of characters or images (_____- dots per inch).

       B.   _______________

              1.    Produces a _________ copy of information created.

              2.    __________ most common output device.

              3.    Types of Printers

                     a.    ___________Printer- A ribbon is used and ___________ the paper.

                           1)    _________ __________ Printer

                                  a)    Produces _______ quality print.

                                  b)    Very __________.

                           2)    _________ __________ Printer

                                  a)    Faster & _______ expensive.

                                  b)    Produces near letter quality (_____)

                                  c.    __________quality.

                     b.    _______-Impact Printers - No ribbon is used.

                           1)    ____________Printer (Bubble Jet)

                                  a)    Most __________ printer type.

                                  b)    Usually prints in color or black ink.

                                  c)    ______ ___________ is used to spray

ink on paper.

                                  d)    __________ quality and speed.

                           2)    ______________ Printer

                                  a)    Uses ___________ much like a copy machine.

                                  b)    Sprays toner on the paper and then __________ it into the paper.

                                  c)    Very high __________ (quality) & fast.

                                  d)    More___________.

                                  e)    May use color (very expensive).

                           3)    ______________

                                  a)    Uses colored pens/pencils to produce detailed _____________.

                                  b)    Often used by architects (_____).

                                  c)    Draws __________ lines.

                                  d)    Comes in many sizes.

 

       C.   Voice ________________

              1.    Takes computer information and turns it into human-_____________ spoken words.

              2.    Lacks the sound and tone that gives our conversation special meaning (___________).

              3.    Ex:  Automated phones and answering machines

 

       D.   Computer Output Microfilm (______)

              1.    Data and information are stored on microfiche or microfilm.

                     a.    ______________- Small _______________ shapes of film that contain large amounts of data.

                     b.    ____________ - _________ or spools of film containing large amounts of data.

              2.    Often found in_______________.

 

V.   _______________-Storage Devices

 

       A.   _____________ Disk

              1.    Small ____________ storage device made of flexible material.

              2.    Most ___________ used secondary storage device.

              3.    Sizes

                     a.    past:  ____"

                     b.    today:  ________" and ________"

 

       B.   Disk ______________

              1.    The unit which _______ a disk and reads or writes information on it.

              2.    _________/________ Heads - Parts of the disk drive that _______information and allow it to be ____________or written on a disk.

 

       C.   ___________Disk

              1.    __________ units which contain a hard disk.

              2.    _________Disk - Type of storage device made of _________ material that can hold vast amounts of data.

 

       D.   _____________Tape

              1.    Magnetically sensitive ________that allows you to save ___________and _________.

              2.    Often used to ___________ information.

 

       E.   _________ ___________

              1.    Can save ___________ information (entire set of encyclopedias).

              2.    ______________

                     a.    Compact Disc ________ ________ __________

                     b.    _________ data, but that data _________ be changed.

              3.    CD____________

                     a.    Compact Disc Write Once/Read Many

                     b.    Today:  CDR:  Compact Disc ____________

              4.    CD_______

                     a.    Compact Disc ___-_________________

                     b.    Can ________ information and _______ over it____________.

 

VI.  Types of Computers

       A.   ___________Computer

              1.    Style we are most familiar with.

              2.    Other Names:

                     a.    __________ ____________ (PC)

                     b.    micros

                     c.    home computers

                     d.    small business computer

              3.    Found in_________, _________ and small businesses.

              4.    The processor is on a computer ______ (Intel 4).

              5.    ________-_________ System - _____connected to other computers.

 

       B.   ________ Computer

              1.    Larger and more_____________.

              2.    Can run ___________computers at one time.

              3.    Greater storage capacity.

              4.    Today it is difficult to determine __________ mini computers and micro computers.

 

       C.   _________________

              1.    ________ _________system.

              2.    ____________ of Information System for many large corporations.

              3.    Very __________ priced!

              4.    Fast & Powerful, can connect to _______ of computers.

 

       D.   ______________ Computers

              1.    Computers of the ___________ government.

              2.    used for:

                     a.    space _______________

                     b.    weather ________________

                     c.    "star wars" ___________

 

       E.   Portable & ____________ Computers

              1.    Smaller & weigh less than home computers.

              2.    ___________computers are not as small as laptops.

              3.    ___________ are small enough to be carried in a briefcase.

 

VII. Networking

       A.   __________________

              1.    Def. - A ______________ of computers ________________together for the purpose of

____________ information and peripherals.

              2.    It may just mean that ___________ computer stations are connected to one computer.

              3.    It also means _______________ all computers and equipment together so that communication can take place between systems and data can be__________.

              4.    Electronic Mail (email) and the Internet

              5.    2 Basic Networking Concepts:  Time Sharing & Distributed Processing

 

       B.   _________ ______________

              1.    When several computers are hooked up to one ___________ and ________ all processing________.

              2.    Often used in banks, airports & ticket purchasing agencies.

              3.    ___________ Terminals

                     a.    Contains ______ a ___________and ______________ and is connected

_____________ to the CPU of the mainframe computer.

                     b.    Does _______ contain a "brain" (CPU)

              4.    Main ________________

                     a.    Everyone is sharing the _________ information.

                     b.    Data is constantly being ___________.

              5.    Main _________________

                     a.    If the CPU _________ down, all work stops and everyone connected to the system is _________ to work.

                     b.    Fairly_________:  Someone in the company must be __________ in how to manage the system and keep it functioning properly.

 

       C.   ____________ ____________ & Local Area Networks (______)

              1.    _____________ computers (with CPU/brain) are ___________ by special cables and hardware.

              2.    LAN - _______ ________ __________

              3.    _________ - Unit in a LAN that ________ programs and __________ the use of peripherals.

a.    Files, programs and data can be __________ back and forth through the server.

                     b.    Information can also be sent to the server for ____________.

              4.    Each computer does its own _______________ so if one breaks down the others will be fine.

       D.   ___________ & __________ of Your Computer System

              1.    Use a _________ protector.

              2.    Shut down and ________ your computer in a lightening________.

              3.    Unplug the computer when you go _______ from home.

              4.    Don't put a________, ___________, ________, etc. around the computer.

              5.    Don't _________ disks.

              6.    Have a fire extinguisher___________.

              7.    First read ________ instructions completely.

              8.    Clean ______occasionally with a ________ cloth.

              9.    Clean __________ with an _______-static cloth.